Catalysts in Green Chemistry

In this chapter, the author draws attention to the role of the catalysts in the realization of green and sustainable chemistry. The green catalysis deals in green, recyclable, and efficient catalyst systems that lower the wastage and energy consumption and environmental impacts, and maintain a high reaction rate and selectivity. The chapter discusses the various types of recyclable catalysts, solid acid catalysts, bio-catalysts, and nanoparticle-based system and their advantages in the sustainable chemical processes. The case studies done on industries indicated that the green catalysts could be utilized in the production of pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, the synthesis of polymers and in the remediation of the environment. The green catalysts were demonstrated to assist in reducing the number of hazardous by-products that are formed and also improve the efficiency of the process. The chapter also incorporates other design principles applied in the selection of catalysts, strategies of extending the life of catalysts, green catalysis and integration of green catalysis and industry. The practical illustrations, with a combination of theoretical understanding, assist the students to learn the part of the catalytic innovations in the production of energy-saving, economical, and ecologically friendly chemical production. The chapter explicates the applicability of the sustainable chemistry practice and the future of green catalysts in transforming industry, resource conservation and limiting pollution.